Anxiety
Definition
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a pattern of frequent, constant worry and anxiety over many different activities and events.
Alternate Names
GAD; Anxiety disorder
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common condition. The cause of GAD is not known, but biological and psychological factors play a role. Stressful life situations or behavior developed through learning may also contribute to GAD.
The disorder may start at any time in life, including childhood. Most people with the disorder report that they have been anxious for as long as they can remember. GAD occurs somewhat more often in women than in men.
Symptoms
Generalized anxiety disorder has the following symptoms:
- Difficulty concentrating
- Difficulty controlling worry
- Excess anxiety and worry that is out of proportion to the situation most of the time
- Excessive sweating, palpitations, shortness of breath, and stomach/intestinal symptoms
- Fatigue
- Irritability
- Muscle tension -- shakiness, headaches
- Restlessness or feeling keyed up or "on the edge"
- Sleep disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep; or restless, unsatisfying sleep)
Depression and substance abuse may occur with an anxiety disorder.
Signs and testsSupport Groups
Support groups may be helpful for some patients with GAD. Patients have the opportunity to learn that they are not unique in experiencing excessive worry and anxiety.
Support groups are not a substitute for effective treatment, but can be a helpful addition to it.
Complications
People with GAD may develop other psychiatric disorders, such as panic disorder or depression. Substance abuse or dependence may become a problem if you try to self-medicate with drugs or alcohol to relieve anxiety.
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider if:
- You are experiencing the signs and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
- You have been experiencing symptoms for 6 months or longer
- Your symptoms interfere with your daily functioning
